A Research Review of Quran Translation: History, Concept, Types, Benefits, Necessity, and Conditions

ترجمۂ قرآن: تاریخ، مفہوم، اقسام،فوائد، ضرورت اور شرائط کا تحقیقی جائزہ

Abstract

This research provides a comprehensive analytical study of the concept, history, types, benefits, necessity, drawbacks, and essential conditions of the translation of the Holy Qur'an. It begins by discussing the literal and technical meanings of the term "translation" in both general and Islamic contexts, with references to its usage in the Arabic language. The study then categorizes Qur'anic translations into two main types: literal translation and interpretive translation. The distinction between translation and tafsīr (exegesis) is also clarified. A significant portion of the research is dedicated to exploring the need for and importance of Qur'anic translation, especially for non-Arabic speaking audiences. The paper further elaborates on the advantages and disadvantages of translation, acknowledging that while translations can offer access to Qur'anic meanings, they also carry the risk of misinterpretation if done improperly. The causes and motivations for translating the Qur'an into various languages are examined, especially in the context of historical, cultural, and missionary efforts. Most importantly, the research emphasizes the conditions and qualifications necessary for a person to translate the Qur'an authentically. It asserts that only those well-versed in Islamic sciences, Arabic linguistics, and the principles of tafsīr should undertake this task, as the Qur'an is divine speech revealed in eloquent Arabic to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). Hence, any attempt to convey its meaning into another language must be done with utmost caution, reverence, and scholarly competence.